According to recent research, 49 percent of faith-based people are not voting in the 2024 election. Connected to this, another study indicates that 32 million Christians are sitting out this election. Which is astonishing and sad.
Why is it that so many good people are refusing to vote?
In many cases, it’s because they feel the persons running for office are flawed. They say things like, “Did you know X cheated on his wife?” “So and so is not a good person.” “There just aren’t any candidates running that are good Christians.” “The lesser of two evils is still evil,” etc.
Inevitably, the reasons for abstaining boil down to one broad basis: The persons running for office do not measure up to the standard that Scripture gives for church officers and members. But is this a legitimate reason for abstaining? Does Scripture place the standard of Church officers on the State? To answer this, we must have a biblical understanding of Church vs. State.
How does the New Testament define the roles of Church and State?
A BRIEF THEOLOGY OF CHURCH AND STATE
The State is distinct from the Church, and Church from State, and both answer to God for their ordination. The Church is called to bear the Word, and the State is called to bear the sword. The Church is specifically told not to bear the sword – not to use political power and coercion. The State exists to bear the sword: To punish evil, protect citizens, and promote good.
A healthy functioning State provides social order for the Church to carry out its task of proclamation and instruction in Word; and the Church in turn provides the State with divine instruction, maintaining moral fabric – making good citizens of heavenly order. Church is spiritual foundation for State, and State is a physical protection of that foundation.
Christians are called to give honor to State and pray for its officers.
In a nation where Christians are free to choose State officers, they must do so according to God’s standards – God’s revealed will for State. Christians obey God by choosing leaders who best follow through on God’s will for State.
STATE AS SWORD AGAINST EVIL: SAFE SPACE FOR GOOD [Rom. 13:1-10]
The Westminster Confession of Faith sums the biblical stance like this:
God, the supreme Lord and King of all the world, has ordained civil magistrates, to be, under Him, over the people, for His own glory, and the public good: and, to this end, has armed them with the power of the sword, for the defense and encouragement of them that are good, and for the punishment of evil doers. Civil magistrates may not assume to themselves the administration of the Word and sacraments; or the power of the keys of the kingdom of heaven; or, in the least, interfere on matters of faith. [WCF 23:1, 3].
R.C. Sproul, in his article “Civil Government,” puts it this way:
It is the task of the church to preach the gospel, administer the sacraments, nurture the souls of its members, etc. These are not the tasks of the state. It is the state's responsibility to order society, raise taxes, govern business and society, maintain a standing army, protect life and property, etc. These are not the tasks of the church. The state is given the power of the sword, the church is not…
In our day, the concept of separation of church and state has been widely reinterpreted (and misinterpreted) to mean the separation of state and God. More and more, civil government seeks to be out from “under” God. It seeks autonomous power and authority. When the church cries “foul” the church is criticized for intruding into the domain of the state. The church, however, is not trying to be the state. The church, in offering prophetic criticism, is calling the state to be the state as God ordained it and rules over it.
There is one sense in which the gospel is unabashedly political. It declares that Jesus is the King of Kings and Lord of Lords. He sits in the seat of ultimate authority. All lesser magistrates are ultimately accountable to Him for how they exercise their rule.
The civil magistrate is given the power of the sword. The state is authorized to use force to insure justice and to defend its borders. Governments do not rule by request or suggestion. They rule by law, which is enforced by legal coercion. Although the government with the power of the sword is authorized to exert capital punishment and wage just war, its use of the sword is always accountable to God.
The Bible urges Christians to be models of civil obedience wherever possible. We honor Christ by praying for those in authority over us and for being submissive and obedient to their rule. We are to bend over backwards in our civil obedience. We must obey the magistrates unless they command us to do that which God forbids, or keep us from doing that which God commands. In both of these cases, we not only may, but we must disobey those in authority. [R.C. Sproul, “Civil Government,” LSB. (Article on Romans 13:1-7.)]
In this current age, the State is defined separately from the Church: It is the calling of physical sword vs. the calling of eternal Word. Both are ordained of God but answer for different things.
Biblically, Church and State are so different that it took the early Christians a long time to engage with State. They faced questions like these: Could Christians rightfully function as officers of State? What about participation as soldiers and warriors? Do non-Christian officers of State face the same personal qualifications as members and leaders of the Church?
Often with their own blood, early Christians began applying God’s Word to State participation. The Reformers hammered this out over many years of persecution and political struggle. The Church must spiritually inform and protect the State, in all things related to God’s Word and divine law; and the State must physically protect the social order, which provides structure for the evangelical function of the Church. In such, officers of the State are not subject to the same personal qualifications as officers of the Church, even as they must answer to God for the performance of State policies, in line with God’s will – God’s definition of good vs. evil.
STATE OFFICERS AS MINISTERS OF GOD AND GOOD – BUT NOT MINISTERS OF THE CHURCH
The Westminster Confession of Faith also gives a biblical theology of State officers (civil magistrates):
It is the duty of people to pray for magistrates, to honor their persons, to pay them tribute or other dues, to obey their lawful commands, and to be subject to their authority, for conscience' sake. Infidelity, or difference in religion, does not make void the magistrates' just and legal authority, nor free the people from their due obedience to them… [WCF 23:3].
In other words, moral or religious failure in the State officer is not good, but it cannot be used as a pretext for disallowing his or her authority of State. Nor should it be used as a pretext for refusing to choose the best possible option for office, the best officer who fulfills God’s priorities for State.
The real question that should be asked is this: What is God’s priority for State? And in this fallen world, which flawed human will best fulfill the office of State, in honor of God’s priorities?
Again, remember God’s ordination of State: To bear the sword against evil, to protect citizens and borders, and to provide for the common good, including free proclamation of the gospel.
Now, what happens when good people forget this directive, and use God’s qualifications for Church against the best-possible officers of State? Imagine State officers who are personally flawed, but have a vision for God’s will for State, and a desire to fulfill that calling. Officers willing to call good, “good,” and evil, “evil” – officers willing to protect the citizens and borders, officers willing to provide for free proclamation of the gospel – officers willing to protect divine roles of men and women and children – officers willing to provide for common good economically – officers willing to protect fathers and mothers in their family roles of prophet, priest, and king. Now, imagine such officers being opposed because of personal flaws! What might happen to such a nation?
If true theology of Church and State is forgotten or misunderstood, it can create a situation where good people wrongly apply Church standards against the best-possible State officers, and unwittingly undermine God’s will for State – potentially harming children, families, and citizens now, and destroying divine liberty for generations to come.
POLICIES AT STAKE AND DIVINE PRIORITIES OF STATE
America is rare are among all nations, historically. Rare and blessed. Imagine this: Christians have a voice in choosing their leaders of State! It is imperative then that believers choose leaders who will best fulfill God’s ordination for government. This is active love of the neighbor: Choosing leaders who will protect their persons, their livelihoods, their futures, and their liberty – leaders who will act for national good and international peace, protecting Christians around the world, if possible. Refusing to participate in elections because of flawed candidates is a functional refusal to act for the good of others: a form of false piety.
Think for a minute about what is at stake in this election:
- Foreign policy of endless war and international harm. Currently and in recent years, most conflicts around the world are openly or secretly (black budget) funded by the U.S. Government. And this with devastating effect on Christians. One foreign-policy whistleblower says this: “The end result of U.S. foreign policy is dead Christians.”
- Domestic policy of economic inflation and family redefinition.
- Destruction of borders and displacement of citizens: undermining social fabric of communities.
- Redefining men and women: Disenfranchising women in sports and protected places.
- Sexualization of children: Encouragement of gender-confusion and legalization of sterilizing, cross-gender chems and surgical mutilations for boys and girls, years before their cerebral cortex (the decision-making part of the brain) is fully formed.
- Defacto enslavement of citizens to national debt and international powers.
- Exponential trafficking of children: Legal protection for predator networks.
- Destruction of citizens’ and children’s health: Legalizing harmful chems and substances, outlawing healthy options for food and medical care.
- Enshrining full-term abortion as a national sacrament: continual human sacrifice to secular gods.
Pages could be written here, but this sample is indicative of the direction.
Now, imagine being a Christian, with a golden opportunity to stand against such things, and refusing to stand – because the civil officer pledging to stand is a flawed person!
FLAMETHROWERS AND FLAWED FIREMEN
Imagine a small town with a tight-knit community. Working class houses grace most of the streets, interspersed with well-kept lawns, flag-flying porches, humble yet attractive park, community-service bandstand, and of course, a little white church.
One day, the calm scenery is interrupted by the smell of smoke, and a raised alarm, “Fire!”
Sure enough, one of the houses seems to be on fire. The call is made and the local fire siren blares.
The fire truck comes blaring through, with the fire chief in control. In a few minutes, the small fire will be taken care of – and the house saved.
But suddenly, the door of the church flies opens, and out dashes the new pastor. The pastor runs up to the fire truck and shouts, “No! You cannot DARE put out that fire. You are not worthy.”
The pastor thrusts himself into the middle of the scene, physically combating the fire chief. “I’ve heard about you! You cheated on your wife. You got into a bar fight last week, and verbally berated a patron.” “You are not a nice man – and you definitely don’t qualify for church membership – so by conscience, I cannot permit you to function as an officer of this town.”
While the pseudo-moralizing pastor is speaking, a crowd gathers. “Look!” someone shouts. “There’s a gang breaking the back fence!” And, sure enough, through the back fence comes a dark-clad group of men, carrying flamethrowers. They start torching the back barn and children’s gym.
“Please, pastor!” they plead. “Please let the firemen do their work!” “It could cost the whole town!”
But the new pastor is firm in his convictions. He crosses his arms and says, self-righteously, “I know too much about this man. I could never live with myself if I supported him.” Thus, armed with false conviction, the pastor calls all members of the church to stand against the firemen. Meanwhile, the flames grow higher, and the flamethrowers do their deadly work.
Selah.
Now, the obvious point of the parable is this: The new pastor is using moral language, and a quasi-moral argument, yes. But is he truly acting morally? Or is he radically misusing the guidelines of the house of God in a way that destroys the town?
If this little town burns, who is most at fault? The rough-living fire chief or the spiritual leader of the town?
So it is with an American church that misunderstands a biblical theology of Church and State. And the saddest part of all is that this has already been hammered out, in blood, across church history. The heavenly gallery of faith is filled with men and women who would instruct us, if we would listen. God’s Word is sure: Today, the Church is not the State, and the State is not the Church. Both answer to God, but the standards of Church cannot be falsely placed on officers of the State without risking the fabric of the whole.
If the 49 percent of the people of faith who currently abstain would vote for the “fire chiefs” who best fulfill the divine priorities of State – putting out fires, punishing firebugs, protecting citizens – our national town would be much better off.
Calling out State officials for immoral action is a prophetic role of the Church. But refusing to support the State officers who might stand for protection of the town is the death knell of false pietism.
Amen.
P.S. LOVING OUR NON-VOTING OR OTHER-VOTING NEIGHBOR
As Christians, we are called to love God with all our heart, soul, mind, and strength – that is, our entire being. And, empowered by this divine love, we are called to love our neighbors as our own self. This includes neighbors who vote differently or refuse to vote.
C.S. Lewis says something profound, related to this. He says, “To know all is to forgive all.”
In other words, if we knew everything that someone else has been through, if we knew all they were exposed to that caused them to make their choices – even the ones that hurt us – we would forgive, and continually refuse to carry offense.
This is the hallmark of Christ’s Church, friends.
We do our best, we speak our best, but in the case of in-house disagreement, we choose forgiveness, and we choose love.
Go vote in Spirit and Truth. And go do something good for those with whom you might disagree.
Alleluia! Amen.